What does the term "access control" signify in the context of security?

In the context of security, "access control" refers specifically to the practice of limiting access to certain areas or resources. This concept is integral to ensuring that only authorized individuals can enter secure locations or use specific systems, thereby protecting sensitive information and safeguarding physical assets. Access control mechanisms can include physical barriers, such as locks and security personnel, as well as digital measures like passwords, biometrics, and access badges.

The focus is on preventing unauthorized access and managing who has the right to access certain information or locations, making it a fundamental aspect of maintaining security in various environments, including commercial, governmental, and healthcare settings. The other options, while related to different aspects of organizational operations, do not directly address the core principles of access control in security.